中文
Otu ebe mooring (SPM) bụ ụgbọ mmiri/ọgbọ mmiri edobere n'oké osimiri iji na-ebu ibu mmiri dị ka ngwaahịa mmanụ ala maka ụgbọ mmiri.Ebe otu ebe na-akwagharị ụgbọ mmiri ahụ gaa n'ebe mgbago site na ụta, na-ekwe ka ọ na-efegharị gburugburu ebe ahụ, na-ebelata ike ifufe, ebili mmiri na mmiri na-ebute.A na-ejikarị SPM eme ihe na mpaghara na-enweghị akụrụngwa eji ebugharị ibu mmiri raara onwe ya nye.Ụlọ ọrụ ndị a dị n'otu ebe (SPM) dịkilomitapụọ na akụrụngwa dị n'ikpere mmiri, jikọọingpipeline mmanụ dị n'okpuru osimiri, ma nwee ike ibubata nnukwu ụgbọ mmiri dị ka VLCC.
CDSReriri mmanụA na-ejikarị usoro SPM eme ihe.Sistemụ SPM na-agụnye sistemu mgbochi ụkwụ nke catenary (CALM), sistemu ịgbatị ụkwụ otu arịlịka (SALM) na sistemu mooring turret..
Sistemụ Anchor Leg Mooring System (CALM)
Catenary Anchor Leg Mooring (CALM), nke a makwaara dị ka Single Buoy Mooring (SBM), bụ ihe na-ebugharị na ebutu buoy na-eji dị ka ebe mgbaba maka ndị na-ebu mmanụ yana dịka njikọ n'etiti njedebe pipeline (PLEM) na ụgbọ mmiri ụgbọ mmiri.A na-ejikarị ha eme ihe n'ime mmiri na-emighị emi na nke miri emi iji bufee mmanụ cru na mmanụ ala sitere n'ubi mmanụ ma ọ bụ ụlọ nrụpụta.
CALM bụ ụdị mbụ nke sistemu ihe nrụgharị nke otu ebe, nke na-ebelata oke ibu na-ebugharị, ọ na-echekwa mmetụta nke ikuku na ebili mmiri na sistemu, nke bụkwa otu n'ime njirimara kachasị nke sistemu nrụgharị otu ebe.Isi uru nke CALM bụ na ọ dị mfe na nhazi, dị mfe ịmepụta na ịwụnye.
Sistemụ mooring ụkwụ otu arịlịka (SALM)
SALM dị nnọọ iche na mgbagharị otu ebe ọdịnala.A na-eji ụkwụ arịlịka edobe ụgbọ mmiri na-aga n'akụkụ oke osimirima jikọta ya na isi site na otu agbụ ma ọ bụ eriri ọkpọkọ, a na-ebufe mmiri ahụ site na isi na ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri ozugbo na ụgbọ mmiri site na hoses, ma ọ bụ na-ebuga ya na ụgbọ mmiri site na nkwonkwo swivel site na isi.Ngwa mkpuchi a dabara adaba maka mpaghara mmiri na-emighị emi na mpaghara mmiri miri emi.Ọ bụrụ na a na-eji ya na mmiri miri emi, a na-ejikọta njedebe ala nke arịlịka arịlịka na mpaghara nke riser na pipeline mmanụ n'ime, n'elu nke elu na-ejikọta ya na arịlịka arịlịka. Seabed base, na riser nwere ike ịkwaga 360 °.
Sistemụ ihe eji eme ihe
Sistemụ mooring nke turret nwere kọlụm turret a kapịrị ọnụ nke arụrụ n'ime ma ọ bụ nke mpụga nwere site na nhazi ibu.A na-echekwa kọlụm turret n'akụkụ oke osimiri site na (catenary) ụkwụ arịlịka nke na-enyere aka idobe ụgbọ ahụ n'ime oke njem nlegharị anya.Nke a na-eme ka ọrụ nchekwa nke nnyefe mmiri dị n'okpuru mmiri ma ọ bụ usoro riser si n'akụkụ oke osimiri gaa na turret.E jiri ya tụnyere ọtụtụ ụzọ ndị ọzọ na-eme mkpọtụ, usoro ntụgharị nke turret na-enye uru ndị a: (1) nhazi dị mfe;(2) Obere mmetụta nke ifufe na ebili mmiri, dabara adaba maka ọnọdụ oké osimiri siri ike;(3) adabara maka mpaghara oke osimiri nwere omimi mmiri dị iche iche;(4) Ọ bịaya nangwa ngwa disengagement nare-njikọọrụ, nke dị mma maka mmezi.
Ụbọchị: 03 Eprel 2023